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Thirty Years of Economic Growth in Africa
2018
Authors
Ano de Divulgação
2018
Código JEL
C11 - Bayesian Analysis
O47 - Measurement of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity
O55 - Africa
Resumo
This paper examines the contribution of employment, capital accumulation and total
factor productivity (TFP) to economic growth in African countries over the period
1986-2014. The methodology consists in the estimation of a translog dynamic stochastic
production frontier for a set of 49 African economies, thus allowing for the breakdown of
TFP along efficiency developments and technological progress. Although the heterogeneity
amongst African countries poses a challenge to the estimation of a common production
frontier, this is the best approach to perform cross-country comparisons. The results of our
growth accounting exercise are more accurate for the contribution of input accumulation
and TFP to GDP growth than for the separation between contributions of technological
progress and efficiency. We conclude that economic growth patterns differ across African
countries but they have been almost totally associated to input accumulation, notably
in what concerns capital. The experience of Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa - the three
largest African economies - confirms this pattern.
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