This book aims to contribute to the discussion about Portuguese economic growth, leveraging on a large set of past and ongoing analytical work, mostly carried out at Banco de Portugal. The project also benefited from multiple other contributions, notably from economists affiliated to national and international economic policy institutions and universities. The book takes a supply side approach, discussing aspects of Portuguese economic growth from the perspective of the production function. This implies focusing on the quantity and quality of inputs, the functioning of markets and the broad institutional setup. The book is organized along eight chapters, each one containing a small number of short sections. Each section formulates a research question relevant for understanding structural features, blockages and reforms with an impact on Portuguese economic growth.